Variant anatomy of the maxillary sinus structures in children under age and sexual aspects 

Ol'ga Yu. Aleshkina, Doctor of medical sciences, professor, head of the sub-department of human anatomy, Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky (112 Bolshaya Kazachya street, Saratov, Russia), E-mail: aleshkina_ou@mail.ru
Marina Viktorovna Markeeva, Candidate of medical sciences, associate professor of the sub-department of otorhinolaryngology, Volgograd State Medical University (1 Pavshikh Boytsov square, Volgograd, Russia), E-mail: mmarina-2011@mail.ru
Tat'yana S. Bikbaeva, Candidate of medical sciences, associate professor, associate professor of the sub-department of human anatomy, Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky (112 Bolshaya Kazachya street, Saratov, Russia), E-mail: bikbaeva_ts@mail.ru
Natalya V. Tarasova, Doctor of medical sciences, professor, head of the sub-department of otorhinolaryngology, Volgograd State Medical University (1 Pavshikh Boytsov square, Volgograd, Russia), E-mail: otorinobalerina@gmail.com
Irina A. Polkovova, Candidate of medical sciences, associate professor, associate professor of the sub-department of mobilization training of healthcare and disaster medicine, Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky (112 Bolshaya Kazachya street, Saratov, Russia), E-mail: polk_ia@mail.ru
Anton A. Devyatkin, Assistant of the sub-department of human anatomy, Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky (112 Bolshaya Kazachya street, Saratov, Russia), E-mail: devyatkinanton@yandex.ru 

Background. The widespread use of functional endoscopic intervention in the nasal cavity requires detailed knowledge of the variant anatomy of the structures of the paranasal sinuses, taking into account age and gender, necessary to improve surgical treatment. In order to determine the variants of the structure of the anastomosis and intra-sinus septa of the maxillary sinus in childhood, a study was conducted of 425 computed tomograms of the heads of children aged 1 to 21 years of both sexes without pathology of the paranasal sinuses. Results and conclusions. It has been established that, regardless of gender, the width of the anastomosis of the maxillary sinus increases in each subsequent age group, with the largest increase at 2–3 years and 8–12 years and has no bilateral or gender differences. Intra- sinus bone septa in the first and second childhood ages were determined only in girls. In adolescence and adolescence - in persons of both sexes, and the frequency of occurrence increases with age in boys and young men. In the right maxillary sinus, incomplete and complete septa were identified, in the left - only incomplete. The greatest number of septa was observed in adolescence on the right. Intra-sinus septa can divide the sinus into two or more chambers of varying sizes, which remain connected to each other, creating difficulties during surgery. Thus, variants of the anatomical structure of the intra- sinus septa in children have been identified, associated with gender, age and side of the skull, while the variability of the width of the anastomosis depends only on age. 

maxillary sinus, intrasinus septa, ostiomeatal complex, anastomosis, children 

Aleshkina O.Yu., Markeeva M.V., Bikbaeva T.S., Tarasova N.V., Polkovova I.A., Devyatkin A.A. Variant anatomy of the maxillary sinus structures in children under age and sexual aspects. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Povolzhskiy region. Meditsinskie nauki = University proceedings. Volga region. Medical sciences. 2024;(2):95–105. (In Russ.). doi: 10.21685/2072-3032-2024-2-9